Dishwashing machine



oct. 22, 1940.

T. E. p. BsLDE 2,218,69

DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed April 2, 193s Patented Oct. 22, l1940 UNITED STATES PATENT orricE 2,218,869 DIsnwAsnING MACHINE Appucaupn April z, 1936, serial No. 72,432 In Sweden April 8, 1935 12 claims. (ci. 141-9) My present invention relates. to dishwashing machines.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a. dishwashing machine which has an effective washing and rinsing action, low water consumption and low power consumption, large useful volume, and which is silent in operation and simple and reliable in construction as well as easy to handle so as to be useful especially for domestic purposes.

A further object of my invention is to provide a dishwashingmachine of the type described which is of compact design and of small dimensions, especially of low height, this being at advantage when using the machine in kitchens of limited space.

Another object of my invention is to provide a dishwashing machine having two spraying systems, one for washing liquid and the other for rinsing liquid, which systems are entirely separated from each other and arranged mainly within a lower casing of the machine.

Further objects of my invention will be apparent according as the following description' pro- :5 ceeds reference being had to the accompanying drawing showing by wayv of example a preferred embodiment of my new machine.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the machine,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lower casing of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view along the line III-III in Fig. 1.

3,; Figs. 4 and 5'show modifications.

The lower machine casing 3 hasadjustabl feet 2 and encloses two liquid tanks 4 and 5, 'of which one 5 for rinsing liquid encloses on three sides the other 4 for washing liquid. Tank 5 is entirely closed at its top and provided with a filling opening, not shown, whereas tank 4 at its top is covered by a removable strainer 6 through which the liquid flows back to said tank 4. Provided in a separate compartment of casing 4;, 3 at thefront of the machine and vai; the side of the two tanks 4 and 6 is an electric motor 1 and two pumps, coupled thereto, one 8 for washing liquid and another 9 for rinsing liquid.

The inlet pipe of pump 8 is designated by II'I 50 and the outlet pipe thereof by II. Connected with the outlet II is a spraying device I2 consisting of hollow arms .42a and I2b provided with nozzles 35 through which washing liquid is sprayed from below and upwards towards the fishes in the basket I3. In the embodiment shown the spraying device I2 is arranged swingably to and'fro in a horizontal plane and is, consequently, rotatably connected with the outlet II in which it is inserted by means of a hollow stud I4. Further, the spraying device is so 5 arranged as to be capable together with its short. rising pipe of being lifted off from the pump outlet in order to facilitate the cleansing of the apparatus.

The spraying device may be set in motion in 10 different manners, either mechanically from the driving motor, or, as in the embodiment shown, hydraulically by utilizing the reaction pressure of a jet issuing from a nozzle I5 and striking a reflecting member Il which at the end positions 15 of the swinging spraying device is shifted by means of abutments I6 so as. to cause reverse of the motion.

The inlet IB of the pump 9 communicates with the tank 5 for rinsing liquid, Whereas its outlet 20 is connected with a pipe system I9, I9a, provided with nozzles 20 for the spraying of the rinsing liquid. The rinsing liquid pipes I9, I9a are rigidly secured to the outlet of the pump 9 and arranged along the outer edges of strainer 25.

6 so as not to prevent the removal of said strainer. The dish supporting basket I3 rests on supports 2I one of which is shown in Figure 1, and

is, preferably, arranged immediately above the spraying members I2. 30

The Washing compartment proper is formed by a cap 22 which is placed on the casing 3 so as to be capable of being lifted oii therefrom. In the embodiment shown the cap 22 is placed freely onto the upper edge of the casing 3 which 35 for this purpose is provided with or formed as a supporting ange 23 which is somewhat higher on its outside, so that the cap is guided in its position by said outer flange 23.

The cap 22 may be hinged to the lower casing 140 3 as shown at 45 in Fig. 4 so that it can be swung outwardly, e. g. towardsthe back of the machine.

In this figure a catch 46 is shown to x the cap to the lower casing 3 in the closed position of the cap.

According to Fig. 5 a part 41'of the cap 22 is hinged to the lower casing 3 as at 48 so that it can be swung outwards.' Part 41 is secured in closed position by a catch 49.

On account of the cap being removable, wholly 50 or in part, the dish supporting basket I3- may be freely removed from and placed on its support in the machine. By this means the manoeuvring of the machine will be simplified, and simultaneously the dishes are easily accessible for inspection without it being necessary first to remove the basket from the machine. Anotheradvantage resides in the fact that the cleansing of the machine will be considerably facilitated, .especially when the cap can be entirely lifted off or swung outwards.

Provided in the dishwashing Acompartment are surfaces arranged and formed in such manner as to deflect towards the dishes jets issuing from the spraying means in order more completely to utilize the washing effect of said jets.

In the embodiment shown there are for this purpose on the roof of the cap 22 provided defleeting surfaces formed by a plate secured inside the roof of the cap and formed with corrugatio'ns 32. By these surfaces liquid jets which strike the roof of the cap are deflected in suitable direction towards the dishes in the manner indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The roof may at its Aouter edges be provided with oblique parts 24 which partake in guiding the jets towards the corrugations 32 or form themselves reecting surfaces.

`In operation the washing liquid is circulating in usual manner from tank 4 through pump 8,

. spraying means I2, washing compartment 22 and fos through strainer 6 back to tank 4. When the washing operation is completed Athe spraying means I2 is cut oil, whereas pump 9 is rendered operative, rinsing liquid beingnow pumped .from tank 5 to spraying means 9a and over the dishes, the liquid then flowing down into tank 4.

In the embodiment shown the pumps 8 and 9 are driven by a common motor, and in order to simplify the apparatus the pumping wheels of both of the pumps are permanently connected with the motor shaft so as to rotate simultaneously. Preferably, the pumps are so controlled that the pump which is not in operation is shut off from supply of Water by means'oiY a` flap valve 25, cock or the like, which closes the respective inlet conduit I0 or I8.- The flap valves are adjusted by means of rods 26, links or the like which are easily accessible from the voutside.

Provided in the tank 4 is a bottom valve 21 having an over-flow 29, said valve being capable of being lifted`oif or placed on its edge, preferably from the outside, when it is desired to remove the liquid through the outlet 28.

Pump' is connected with outlet 28 by a conduit 30 through which washing liquid remaining in the'pump is permitted to ow away.

The machine is provided with suitable means for mixing the Washing liquid or the rinsing liquid or both with disinfectants and/or fat dissolving agents, e. g. soap. For this purpose one 'or more containers for such agents are providedwithin the. machine so arranged as to cause the agent to be dissolved and brought along by the circulating liquid.

Inserted in the side wall or roof of the cap 22 is a receptacle 36 containing a disinfectant or a fat dissolving agent, e. g. soap. At its -top the receptacle 36 is provided with a slot-shaped openlng 31 and at its bottom with a plurality of small holes 38. Further the receptacle 36 contains a control valve in the form of 'aslotted slide 39 adapted to be rotated from the outside by means of a hand-wheel 40, handle or the like in such 4manner as to open slot .31 and holes 3B to a greater or'less degree'or to close them entirely. Soap or a disinfectant either in the form of a solid piece or in form of powder may be placed within the receptacle I8, or said. agent may be along during the liquid circulation.

'I'he invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawing, nor to the modifications thereof mentioned in the above description; 'I'he Aspraying devi'ce may perform a motion other than the reciprocating motion described above. Also other modications may be conceived without departing from the principle.

of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a cross-,sectional area defined by the side walls of said compartment exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzle arranged substantially along lines forming a closed geometrical figure, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a verticalA axis passing substantially through points of the border of said iigure and of said area, said figure having a. configuration so adapted to the shape of said area that, on the swinging movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, said'area is sprayed in its entirety.

2. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a cross-sectional area of said compartment, saidspraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substantially along lines extending from a common point firstA diverging and then converging, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis passing substantially through said point and through a point of the border of said area, the lines being so adapted to the shape of said area that,on the swinging movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, said area is sprayed in its entirety.

3. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having aspraying compartment, means for spraying a. liquid through a cross-sectional area of said compartment exclusively from below, said` spraying means comprising a sprayer having .spray nozzles arranged substantially along two lines extending from a-common point first diverging and then converging as well as additional spray nozzles., said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane'beneath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis substantially through said point and through a point of the border of said area, said lines and the situation of said additional nozzles being such that, on the swinging movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, said area is sprayed in its entirety.

4. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid throughA a rectangular crosssectional area of said compartment exclusively. from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substantially along the sides of\ a quadrangle as well as additional spray nozzles, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane bej.

neath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis passing through one corner of the quadrangle and through a point substantially at sprayed in its entirety.

5. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a rectangular crosssectional area of from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substanv tially along the sides of a quadrangle as well as additional spray nozzles, said sprayer being situated in a horizontal plane beneath said compartment, means at one corner of said quadrangle and in substantially vertical alignment with the middle of one side of said rectangular area for mounting said sprayer for oscillation around a vertical axis through said mounting means', means for imparting to said sprayer a reciprocating motion around said vertical axis, the shape of said quadrangle and the situation of said'additional spray nozzles being such that, on the movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, said area is sprayed in its entirety.

6. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a rectangular crosssectional area of said compartment exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substan tially along the sides of a quadrangle aswell as additional spray nozzles, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis passing through one corner of 'the quadrangle and through a point substantially at the middle of one side of said rectangular area,.

the sides of the quadrangle adjacent said corner being each approximately equal to half the length of said side of the rectangular area and the shape of said quadrangle and the situation of said additional spray nozzles being such that, on the swinging movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, said area is sprayed in its entirety.

7. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a rectangular crosssectional area. of said compartment exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substantially along the sides of a quadrangle and ad' ditional spray nozzles arranged within said quadrangle, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath said compartment around a vertical axis passing through a corner of said quadrangle and through a point substantially at the middle of one side of said rectangular area, the shape of said quadrangle and the situation of said additional spray nozzles being such that, on the swinging movement of the sprayer from its one end position into its other, saidarea is sprayed in its entirety.

8. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying said compartment with a liquid exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising ya sprayer including a spray nozzle pipe bent in the form of a. quadrangle and an adsaid compartment exclusively ditional spray nozzle pipe extending from a corner of said quadrangular spray pipe inwards of the quadrangle, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath said spraying compartment around a. vertical axis passing v through said corner of the quadrangle and situated eccentrically in said spraying compartment.

9. In a dishwahsing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a rectangular crosssectional area of said compartment exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising a -sprayer including a spray nozzle pipe bent in the form of a quadrangle and an additional spray nozzle pipe extending from a corner o! the quadrangle inwards thereof, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a neath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis passing through said corner of the quadrangle and through a lpoint substantially at the middle of one side oi said rectangular area.

10. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a spraying compartment, means for spraying a, liquid through a rectangular crosssectional area of said compartment exclusively from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles along the sides of a quadrangle and additional spray nozzles within said quadrangle, said sprayer being swingable to and fro in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a. vertical axis passing through a corner of the quadrangle and through a point substantially at the middle of one side of said rectangular area,rthe shape of the quadrangle being such that the length of the diagonal through said corner is approximately equal to the distance from said point to an opposite corner of said rectangular area.

11. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a casing enclosing a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a cross-sectional area of said compartment ex? clusively from below, said spraying means comprising a sprayer having spray nozzles arranged substantially along lines extending from a common point rst diverging and then converging, said sprayer being mounted for oscillation in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis situated eccentrically in the spraying compartment and adjacent a wall of said casing and passing substantially through said point, means automatically to impart to said pipe an oscillatory motion around said axis, said means comprising a movable deiiecting member mounted on the pipe in iront of a nozzle therein for directing a jet from said nozzle obliquely to the direction of oscillation of the pipe so as to cause the pipe to be moved by the reaction force of said jet, and means on the casing adapted to change the inclination of said deflecting member so as to reverse the direction of oscillation of the pipe at points of the oscillatory path thereof determining an angle oi oscillation of the pipe less lthan 180 degrees.

12. In a dishwashing machine for domestic purposes having a casing enclosing a spraying compartment, means for spraying a liquid through a.

'cross-sectional area oi said compartment exquadrangle,said sprayer being mounted for oscilhorizontal plane belation in a horizontal plane beneath the spraying compartment around a vertical axis passing through said corner of the quadrangle and s'ituated .eccentrically with regard to said area, means automatically to impart to the sprayer an oscillatory motion around said vertical axis. said means comprising a. movable defiecting member mounted on the sprayer 4at the corner of the quadrangle opposite to the mst-mentioned corner in front of a nozzle therein for directing a jet from said nozzle obliquely to the direction of oscilla-` tion of the sprayer so as to cause the sprayer tol be moved by the reaction force of said jet, and means on the casing adapted to change the incination of said reflecting member so as to reverse thedirection of oscillation of the sprayer.

'roRD ERIK nANIEL BmE. 

